Prevent hepatitis B by getting vaccinated and practicing good hygiene. Protect yourself and others from this contagious viral infection.
What is it?
Hepatitis B is a viral infection that affects the liver. It is spread by direct contact with the blood or bodily fluids of an infected person.
Risk areas
Hepatitis B occurs worldwide but it’s distribution is higher in some areas of the world such as:
The general risk to travellers is low, although certain behaviours or activities increase the risk, especially in areas where Hepatitis B infection is more common. Risk factors include:
- East Asia
- Sub Saharan Africa
- Amazon basin
- Southern parts of Eastern & Central Europe
- Middle East
- Indian Subcontinent
- Unprotected sex
- Exposure to blood i.e. via healthcare
- Exposure to contaminated needles through injecting drug use or dental work
- Contact sports
- Adoption of children from risk countries
- Long stay travel
Prevention
Avoiding contact with blood and body fluids can help reduce the risk of transmission. Unprotected sexual intercourse should be avoided, as should tattoos, piercings and other contact to needles (unless sterile). If travelling to remote or poor areas, it may be prudent to carry a sterile medical equipment kit in case of accidents.
Length of protection
For individuals at continued risk, a single booster dose should be offered, once only, 5 years after primary immunisation has been completed. For most travellers that have completed their primary course, a booster at 5 years is usually unnecessary. However, any risk factors that increase risk should be discussed with your Travel Clinic Pharmacist or Nurse.
Vaccine Schedule
There are several well-tolerated hepatitis B vaccines, including combined hepatitis A and B products, and vaccination is recommended for all travellers considered at risk.
Hepatitis B (adult)
- Schedule
- 3 doses: 0, 1 and 6 months.
- Age Range
- Adults from 16 years.
Hepatitis B (adult)
- Schedule
- Accelerated schedule: 0, 1, 2 months, 4th dose at 12 months.
- Age Range
- Adults from 18 years.
Hepatitis B (adult)
- Schedule
- Super accelerated schedule: 0, 7, 21 days, 4th dose at 12 months.
- Age Range
- Adults from 18 years.
Hepatitis B (paediatric)
- Schedule
- 3 doses: 0, 1 and 6 months.
- Age Range
- From birth to 15 years
Hepatitis B (paediatric)
- Schedule
- Accelerated schedule: 0, 1, 2 months, option 4th dose at 12 months.
- Age Range
- From birth to 15 years